SPA

Table of Contents

• Business continuity, risk mitigation, loss estimation, and performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE)
• Fire following earthquake
• Fragility and vulnerability of buildings
• Fragility and vulnerability of lifelines
• Disaster planning scenarios: ShakeOut, ARkStorm, SAFRR Tsunami, and HayWired Scenario
• Hurricanes, atmospheric rivers, and wind hazard
• Casualty loss estimation
• Acceptable risk
• Real-time loss estimation
• Other topics
• Field data collection and learning from earthquakes
• Video presentations
• Academic lectures

Business continuity, risk mitigation, loss estimation, and performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE)

• The Business Case for Better Building Codes, ASCE 2020 Virtual Convention
  Porter, K.A. (2020). The business case for better building codes. ASCE 2020 Virtual Convention, October 28-30, 2020. www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2020-ASCE-1.pdf
  Citation
• Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: A Compendium
  Porter, K.A. (2020). Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: A Compendium. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, 50 p., www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2020-EEW-Compendium.pdf
  Citation
• Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Seven Use Cases
  Porter, K.A. (2020). Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Seven Use Cases. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, 23 p., www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2020-EEW-Set.pdf
  Citation
• Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Public Warning for Self-Protective Action
  Porter, K.A. (2020). Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Public Warning for Self-Protective Action. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, 4 p., www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2020-EEW-1-Public.pdf
  Citation
• Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Audible Warning for Selected Personnel
  Porter, K.A. (2020). Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Audible Warning for Selected Personnel. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, 3 p., www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2020-EEW-2-Select.pdf
  Citation
• Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Medical Activity Alert
  Porter, K.A. (2020). Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Medical Activity Alert. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, 3 p., www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2020-EEW-3-Medical.pdf
  Citation
• Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Elevator Recall
  Porter, K.A. (2020). Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Elevator Recall. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, 3 p., www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2020-EEW-4-Elevator.pdf
  Citation
• Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Slow or Stop a Train
  Porter, K.A. (2020). Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Slow or Stop a Train. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, 3 p., www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2020-EEW-5-Train.pdf
  Citation
• Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Open Fire Station Bay Doors
  Porter, K.A. (2020). Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Open Fire Station Bay Doors. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, 3 p., www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2020-EEW-6-Doors.pdf
  Citation
• Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Protect Utility or Industrial Activities.
  Porter, K.A. (2020). Best Practices for Earthquake Early Warning: Protect Utility or Industrial Activities. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, 3 p., www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2020-EEW-7-Utility.pdf
  Citation
• Enhancing resilience through risk-based design and benefit-cost analysis
  Scawthorn, C.R., & Porter, K.A. (2019). Enhancing resilience through risk-based design and benefit-cost analysis. The Bridge. 49(2): 16-25.
  Read More
• Societal consequences of current building code performance objectives for earthquakes
  Porter, K.A., 2018. Societal consequences of current building code performance objectives for earthquakes. Detweiler, S.T. and Wein, A.M., eds., The HayWired Earthquake Scenario—Engineering Implications. Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5013–I–Q, Reston, VA: United States Geological Survey, ch. K, p. 57-76, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175013 and www.sparisk.com/pubs/HayWired-2018-vol2.pdf
  Read More
• Mitigation still saves: a broader reexamination of natural hazard mitigation
  Porter, K., 2017. Mitigation still saves: a broader reexamination of natural hazard mitigation. Building Innovation 2017 Conference, Washington DC, 10-12 Jan 2017. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2017-MMC-MSv2.pdf
  Citation
• Not safe enough: the case for resilient seismic design
  Porter, K., 2016. Not safe enough: the case for resilient seismic design. 2016 SEAOC Convention Maui HI, October 12 – 15, 2016. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2016-SEAOC-Resilience.pdf
  Citation
• Safe enough? A building code to protect our cities as well as our lives
  Porter, K.A., 2016. Safe enough? A building code to protect our cities as well as our lives. Earthquake Spectra 32 (2), 677-695. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2016-EQS-Safe-Enough.pdf
  Citation
• Overcoming public and political challenges for natural hazard risk investment decisions
  Corotis, R.B, H. Bonstrom, and K. Porter, 2012. Overcoming public and political challenges for natural hazard risk investment decisions. Invited keynote, Proc. Asian-Pacific Symposium on Structural Reliability and its Applications (APSSRA12), Singapore, 23-25 May 2012. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Corotis-2012-APSSRA-Public-Decisions.pdf
  Citation
• Informing a retrofit ordinance: a soft-story case study
  Porter, K.A., and K. Cobeen, 2012. Informing a retrofit ordinance: a soft-story case study. Proc. 2012 Structures Congress, Chicago IL, March 29-31, 2012. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2012-SSSC12-CAPSS.pdf
  Citation
• Estimating earthquake-induced failure probability and downtime of critical facilities
  Porter, K.A. and K. Ramer, 2012. Estimating earthquake-induced failure probability and downtime of critical facilities. Journal of Business Continuity and Emergency Planning, 5 (4), 352-364, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2012-JBCEP-Downtime.pdf
  Citation
• A performance-based earthquake engineering method to estimate downtime in critical facilities
  Porter, K.A., and K. Ramer, 2012 (expected). A performance-based earthquake engineering method to estimate downtime in critical facilities. Proc. 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, 24-28 Sep 2012, paper number 4523, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2012-15WCEE-Downtime.pdf
  Citation
• A Brief History of PBEE-2
  Porter, K.A., 2011. A Brief History of PBEE-2. A lecture to the University of Colorado at Boulder’s Department of Civil Engineering, graduate course CVEN 5835-02 SPTPS: Nonlinear Structural Analysis, Theory & Applications. February 17, 2011. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2011-CU-PBEE2-fragility.pdf. See also Practical Development and Application of Fragility Functions, above, and PBEE-2 Simulation Exercise, below.
  Citation
• PBEE-2 Simulation Exercise
  Porter, K.A., 2011. PBEE-2 Simulation Exercise. A lecture to the University of Colorado at Boulder’s Department of Civil Engineering, graduate course CVEN 5835-02 SPTPS: Nonlinear Structural Analysis, Theory & Applications. April 21, 2011. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2011-CU-PBEE2-exercise.pdf. See also Practical Development and Application of Fragility Functions, and A Brief History of PBEE-2, above.
  Citation
• Enhancing Nonstructural Fragility Analysis for Essential Facilities
  Porter, K.A., H. Ishida, K. Torisawa, and M. Miyamura, 2010. Enhancing Nonstructural Fragility Analysis for Essential Facilities. Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering, Richmond CA
  Citation
• Woodframe Houses and their Response to Puente Hills Scenario Earthquakes
  Porter, K.A., R. Graves, E. Reis, and P. Somerville, 2007. Index Woodframe Houses and their Response to Puente Hills Scenario Earthquakes. Southern California Earthquake Center, Los Angeles, CA. 120 pp. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2007-SCEC-CEA.pdf
  Citation
• A brief history of seismic risk assessment
  Scawthorn, C. 2008. A brief history of seismic risk assessment. In A. Bostrom, S. French and S. Gottlieb, eds., Risk Assessment, Modeling, and Decision Support: Strategic Directions, Springer, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Scawthorn-2008-History.pdf
  Citation
• Analysis of Simultaneous Operational Failure of Critical Facilities due to Earthquake, for a California Utility
  Porter, K.A., X. Xu, and S. Krishnan, 2006. Analysis of Simultaneous Operational Failure of Critical Facilities due to Earthquake, for a California Utility. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena CA. 111 pp. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2006-Utility-seismic-study.pdf
  Citation
• Evaluating Premium Incentives for the California Earthquake Authority
  Porter, K.A., 2006. Evaluating Premium Incentives for the California Earthquake Authority. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 60 pp., https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2006-CEA-premium-incentives.pdf, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2006-CEA-appendices.pdf
  Citation
• Cost-effectiveness of stronger wood frame buildings
  Porter, K.A., C.R. Scawthorn, and J.L. Beck, 2006. Cost-effectiveness of stronger wood frame buildings. Earthquake Spectra 22 (1), February 2006, 239-266, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2006-woodframe.pdf
  Citation
• The Value of Seismically Strengthening a House, a Nontechnical Overview
  Porter, K.A., 2006. The Value of Seismically Strengthening a House, a Nontechnical Overview. Presentation to Professionals in Real Estate, Pasadena, CA, November 10, 2006. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2006-Woodframe-nontechnical.ppt
  Citation
• A Taxonomy of Building Components for Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering
  Porter, K.A., 2005. A Taxonomy of Building Components for Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering. PEER Report No, 2005/03, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) Center, Berkeley, CA, 58 pp. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2005-Taxonomy.pdf
  Citation
• Effect of seismic risk on lifetime property value
  Porter, K.A., J.L. Beck, R.V. Shaikhutdinov, S.K. Au, K. Mizukoshi, M. Miyamura, H. Ishida, T. Moroi, Y. Tsukada, and M. Masuda, 2004. Effect of seismic risk on lifetime property value. Earthquake Spectra, 20 (4), Nov 2004, 1211-1237. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2004-LPV.pdf
  Citation
• Natural Hazard Mitigation Saves: An Independent Study to Assess the Future Savings from Mitigation Activities
  Multihazard Mitigation Council, 2005. Natural Hazard Mitigation Saves: An Independent Study to Assess the Future Savings from Mitigation Activities. National Institute of Building Sciences, Washington DC. http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.nibs.org/resource/resmgr/MMC/hms_vol1.pdf, http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.nibs.org/resource/resmgr/MMC/hms_vol2_ch1-7.pdf , http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.nibs.org/resource/resmgr/MMC/hms_vol2_app.pdf, http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.nibs.org/resource/resmgr/MMC/hms_vol2_ref-glossary.pdf
  Citation
• Simplified estimation of economic seismic risk for buildings
  Porter, K.A., J.L. Beck, and R.V. Shaikhutdinov, 2004. Simplified estimation of economic seismic risk for buildings. Earthquake Spectra, 20 (4), Nov 2004, 1239-1264. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2004-PFL.pdf   
  Citation
• Improving Loss Estimation for Woodframe Buildings
  Porter, K.A., J.L. Beck, H.A. Seligson, C.R. Scawthorn, L.T. Tobin, and T. Boyd, 2002. Improving Loss Estimation for Woodframe Buildings, Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering, Richmond, CA, 136 pp., http://resolver.caltech.edu/caltechEERL:2002.EERL-2002-01 (main report) and http://resolver.caltech.edu/caltechEERL:2002.EERL-2002-02  (appendices)
  Citation
• An overview of PEER’s performance-based earthquake engineering methodology
  Porter, K.A., 2003. An overview of PEER’s performance-based earthquake engineering methodology. Proc. Ninth International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering (ICASP9) July 6-9, 2003, San Francisco, CA. Civil Engineering Risk and Reliability Association (CERRA), 973-980. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2003-PBEE-Overview.pdf
  Citation
• Sensitivity of building loss estimates to major uncertain variables
  Porter, K.A., J.L. Beck, and R.V. Shaikhutdinov, 2002. Sensitivity of building loss estimates to major uncertain variables. Earthquake Spectra, 18 (4), 719-743. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2002-Sensitivity.pdf 
  Citation
• Assembly-based vulnerability of buildings and its use in performance evaluation
  Porter, K.A., A.S. Kiremidjian, and J.S. LeGrue, 2001. Assembly-based vulnerability of buildings and its use in performance evaluation. Earthquake Spectra, 17 (2), 291-312. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2001-ABV.pdf
  Citation
• Verifying performance-based design objectives using assembly-based vulnerability
  Porter, K.A. and A.S. Kiremidjian, 2001. Verifying performance-based design objectives using assembly-based vulnerability. ICOSSAR ’01 Structural Safety and Reliability, Newport Beach, California, USA, June 17 – 21, 2001, paper FCO225. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2001-Verifying-PBEE.pdf
  Citation
• Assembly-Based Vulnerability of Buildings and its Uses in Seismic Performance Evaluation and Risk-Management Decision-Making
  Porter, K.A., 2000. Assembly-Based Vulnerability of Buildings and its Uses in Seismic Performance Evaluation and Risk-Management Decision-Making. Doctoral thesis. Stanford University, Stanford CA, 216 pp. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2000-ABV-thesis.pdf
  Citation

Fire following earthquake

• Act Now Before it is Too Late: Aggressively Expand and Enhance our High-Pressure Emergency Firefighting Water System
  Scawthorn, C., 2019. Act Now Before it is Too Late: Aggressively Expand and Enhance our High-Pressure Emergency Firefighting Water System. City and County of San Francisco 2018-2019 Civil Grand Jury. Seal of the City and Country of San Francisco, https://www.sparisk.com/wpcontainer/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/AWSS_Final_Report_with_Appendices_6_13_2019.pdf
  Citation
• Fire following the Mw 7.05 HayWired earthquake scenario
  Scawthorn, C., 2018. Fire following the Mw 7.05 HayWired earthquake scenario. In Detweiler, S.T., and Wein, A.M., eds., The HayWired Earthquake Scenario—Engineering Implications. Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5013–I–Q. Reston, VA: United States Geological Survey, ch. P, p. 367-400, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175013 and www.sparisk.com/pubs/HayWired-2018-vol2.pdf
  Citation
• Statistical Modeling of Fire Occurrence Using Data from the Tōhoku, Japan Earthquake and Tsunami
  Anderson D., Davidson RA, Himoto K, and Scawthorn C. 2016. “Statistical Modeling of Fire Occurrence Using Data from the Tōhoku, Japan Earthquake and Tsunami.” Risk Analysis 36(2):378-95.
  Citation
• Workshop on Fires following a Mw 7 Haywired Earthquake
  Workshop on Fires following a Mw 7 Haywired Earthquake.  Powerpoint presentation here.
  Citation
• San Bruno California, September 9, 2010 Gas Pipeline Explosion and Fire
  Davidson, R. A., Kendra, J., Sizheng Li, Long, L. C., McEntire, D. A., and Scawthorn, C. (2012). San Bruno California, September 9, 2010 Gas Pipeline Explosion and Fire. Final Project Report No. 56, accessible at http://udspace.udel.edu/handle/19716/11337, Disaster Research Center, University of Delaware, Newark, 210.
  Citation
• Water Supply In Regards to Fire Following Earthquakes
  Scawthorn, C. (2011) Water Supply In Regards to Fire Following Earthquakes. pp. 173. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, College of Engineering, University of California, sponsored by the California Seismic Safety Commission, Berkeley.  Water Supply in regard to Fire Following Earthquake – Scawthorn FINAL PEER Report 2011.
  Citation
• Fire following earthquake aspects of the Southern San Andreas Fault Mw 7.8 earthquake scenario
  Scawthorn, C. (2011). Fire following earthquake aspects of the Southern San Andreas Fault Mw 7.8 earthquake scenario. Earthquake Spectra 27 (2), 419-441. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Scawthorn-2011-ShakeOut-FFE.pdf
  Citation
• Analysis of Fire Following Earthquake Potential for San Francisco, California
  Scawthorn, C. (2010) Analysis of Fire Following Earthquake Potential for San Francisco, California pp. 54. SPA Risk LLC Berkeley CA 94708 for the Applied Technology Council On behalf of the Department of Building Inspection City and County of San Francisco, San Francisco.  SPA San Francisco CAPSS Fire Following Earthquake Oct 2010
  Citation
• Enhancements in HAZUS-MH Fire Following Earthquake, Task 3: Updated Ignition Equation
  SPA Risk (2009) Enhancements in HAZUS-MH Fire Following Earthquake, Task 3: Updated Ignition Equation pp. 74pp. SPA Risk LLC, Berkeley CA. Principal Investigator C. Scawthorn. Prepared for PBS&J and the National Institute of Building Sciences, San Francisco. FFE Ignition Equations – Scawthorn16 April 09
  Citation
• Enhancements in HAZUS-MH Fire Following Earthquake
  Scawthorn, C. . 2008. “Enhancements in HAZUS-MH Fire Following Earthquake.” Pp. 45pp: SPA Risk LLC Prepared for PBS&J and the National Institute of Building Sciences.
  Citation
• Fire Following Earthquake, Supplemental Study for the ShakeOut Scenario
  Scawthorn, C. (2008) Fire Following Earthquake, Supplemental Study for the ShakeOut Scenario. The ShakeOut Scenario: U.S. Geological Survey Open File Report 2008-1150, California Geological Survey Preliminary Report 2 version 1.0, U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1324, California Geological Survey Special Report 207 version 1.0. U. S. Geological Survey and California Geological Survey, Pasadena. Scawthorn-2008-ShakeOut-FFE
  Citation
• Fire Following Earthquake – Reviewing the State-of-the-Art of Modeling
  Lee, S., Davidson, R., Ohnishi, N. & Scawthorn, C. (2008) Fire Following Earthquake – Reviewing the State-of-the-Art of Modeling. Earthquake Spectra, 24, 933-967pp.  Lee et al 2008 FFE – SOA Review – EQ Spectra
  Citation
• The 1906 San Francisco Earthquake and Fire—Enduring Lessons for Fire Protection and Water Supply
  Scawthorn, C., O’Rourke, T. D. & Blackburn, F. T. (2006) The 1906 San Francisco Earthquake and Fire—Enduring Lessons for Fire Protection and Water Supply. Earthquake Spectra, 22, S135-S158.  06 Spectra 1906 SF EQ and Fire – Enduring Lessons CRS TDO FTB
  Citation
• Estimates of the conflagration risk to insured property in greater Los Angeles and San Francisco
  Scawthorn, C. (1987). Fire following earthquake: Estimates of the conflagration risk to insured property in greater Los Angeles and San Francisco, All-Industry Research Advisory Council, Oak Brook, Ill.
  Citation

Fragility and vulnerability of buildings

• Liability and pre-Northridge steel-frame buildings
  Porter, K., and Thomas, E. (2019). First the earth quakes, then the law suits. American Bar Association Probate and Property 33 (6):34-40.
  Citation
• A Beginner’s Guide to Fragility, Vulnerability, and Risk
  Porter, K.A., 2017. A Beginner’s Guide to Fragility, Vulnerability, and Risk. 103 pp., https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-beginners-guide.pdf
  Citation
• When addressing epistemic uncertainty in a lognormal fragility function, how should one adjust the median?
  Porter, K., 2017. When addressing epistemic uncertainty in a lognormal fragility function, how should one adjust the median? Paper 2617, Proc., 16th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Santiago Chile, January 9 to 13, 2017 https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2016-16WCEE-Rotation-point.pdf
  Citation
• Dollars, deaths, and downtime: understand your building’s seismic risk and how to evaluate it
  Porter, K.A., 2015. Dollars, deaths, and downtime: understand your building’s seismic risk and how to evaluate it. A presentation to SEAOSC Strengthening Our Cities Summit 5 Nov 2015, Los Angeles, CA. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2015-SEAOSC-3D.pdf
  Citation
• Mobile Homes in Earthquakes: How to Protect your Home and Family
  SPA Risk LLC and Henderson Creative, 2014. Mobile Homes in Earthquakes: How to Protect your Home and Family. Prepared for California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services and Earthquake Engineering Research Institute. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, 2 pp, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/SPA-2014-Mobile-Homes-in-Earthquakes.pdf
  Citation
• Three Techniques for Modeling Building Classes using Moment Matching
  Cho, I.H. and K.A. Porter, 2013. Three Techniques for Modeling Building Classes using Moment Matching. SESM 13-01, Structural Engineering and Structural Mechanics Program, Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Cho-2013-SESM-building-classes.pdf
  Citation
• Estimating the Non-Structural Seismic Vulnerability of Building Categories
  K. Farokhnia and K.A. Porter, 2012. Estimating the Non-Structural Seismic Vulnerability of Building Categories. Proc. 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, 24-28 Sep 2012, paper number 3900, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Farokhnia-2012-15WCEE-Nonstructural.pdf
  Citation
• Global vulnerability estimation methods for the Global Earthquake Model
  Porter, K.A., K. Farokhnia, I.H. Cho, T. Rossetto, I. Ioannou, D. Grant, K. Jaiswal, D. Wald, D. D’Ayala, A. Meslem, E. So, A.S. Kiremidjian & H.Y. Noh, 2012 (expected). Global vulnerability estimation methods for the Global Earthquake Model. Proc. 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, 24-28 Sep 2012, paper number 4504, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2012-15WCEE-GEM-Vulnerability.pdf
  Citation
• Practical Development and Application of Fragility Functions
  Porter, K.A., 2011. Practical Development and Application of Fragility Functions. A lecture to the University of Colorado at Boulder’s Department of Civil Engineering, graduate course CVEN 5835-02 SPTPS: Nonlinear Structural Analysis, Theory & Applications. April 19, 2011. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2011-CU-PBEE2-fragility.pdf
  Citation
• Cracking an open safe: uncertainty in HAZUS-based seismic vulnerability functions
  Porter, K.A., 2010. Cracking an open safe: uncertainty in HAZUS-based seismic vulnerability functions. Earthquake Spectra, 26 (3), 893-900 https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2010-Safecrack-COV.pdf
  Citation
• Fragility of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing equipment
  Porter, K.A., G. Johnson, R. Sheppard, and R. Bachman, 2010. Fragility of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing equipment. Earthquake Spectra 26 (2) 451-472, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2010-MEP-fragility-1.pdf
  Citation
• Loss estimates for large soft-story wood frame buildings in San Francisco
  Porter, K.A., and K. Cobeen, 2009. Loss estimates for large soft-story wood frame buildings in San Francisco. Proc. ATC & SEI 2009 Conference on Improving the Seismic Performance of Existing Buildings and Other Structures. Dec 9-11, 2009, San Francisco, CA, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2009-CAPSS-1.pdf
  Citation
• Component Fragility Functions for Older Woodframe Construction
  Porter, K.A., 2009. Component Fragility Functions for Older Woodframe Construction. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2009-CAPSS-Fragility.pdf
  Citation
• Seismic Vulnerability of Four Soft-Story Woodframe Index Buildings and their Retrofits
  Porter, K.A., 2009. Seismic Vulnerability of Four Soft-Story Woodframe Index Buildings and their Retrofits. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2009-CAPSS-Vulnerability.pdf
  Citation
• CAPSS Soft-Story Loss Study
  Porter, K.A., 2009. CAPSS Soft-Story Loss Study. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2009-CAPSS-Loss.pdf
  Citation
• Mitigating San Francisco’s soft-story building problem
  Samant, L.D., K. Porter, K. Cobeen, L.T. Tobin, L. Kornfield, H. Seligson, S. Alejandrino, and J. Kidd, 2009. Mitigating San Francisco’s soft-story building problem. Proc. ATC & SEI 2009 Conference on Improving the Seismic Performance of Existing Buildings and Other Structures. Dec 9-11, 2009, San Francisco, CA, paper 109, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Samant-2009-CAPSS-Mitigation.pdf
  Citation
• Cracking an open safe: more HAZUS vulnerability functions in terms of structure-independent spectral acceleration
  Porter, K.A., 2009. Cracking an open safe: more HAZUS vulnerability functions in terms of structure-independent spectral acceleration. Earthquake Spectra 25 (3), 607-618, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2009-Safecrack-MDF.pdf
  Citation
• Cracking an open safe: HAZUS vulnerability functions in terms of structure-independent spectral acceleration
  Porter, K.A., 2009. Cracking an open safe: HAZUS vulnerability functions in terms of structure-independent spectral acceleration. Earthquake Spectra 25 (2), 361-378, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2009-Safecrack-Casualty.pdf
  Citation
• Creating fragility functions for performance-based earthquake engineering
  Porter, K.A., R.P. Kennedy, and R.E. Bachman, 2007. Creating fragility functions for performance-based earthquake engineering. Earthquake Spectra 23 (2), May 2007, 471-489, DOI:10.1193/1.2720892, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2007-deriving-fragility.pdf
  Citation
• Practical development and application of fragility functions
  Porter, K.A., R.O. Hamburger, and R.P Kennedy, 2007. Practical development and application of fragility functions. Proc. SEI Structures Congress, May 16-19, 2007, Long Beach CA. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2007-SEI-fragility.pdf
  Citation
• Fragility of hydraulic elevators for use in performance-based earthquake engineering
  Porter, K.A., 2007. Fragility of hydraulic elevators for use in performance-based earthquake engineering. Earthquake Spectra. 23 (2), May 2007, 459-469, DOI:10.1193/1.2720902, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2007-elevator-fragility.pdf
  Citation
• Developing Fragility Functions for Building Components
  Porter, K.A., R.P. Kennedy, and R.E. Bachman, 2006. Developing Fragility Functions for Building Components. A Report to ATC-58. Applied Technology Council, Redwood City, CA, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2006-deriving-fragility.pdf
  Citation
• Assembly-Based Vulnerability of Buildings and its Uses in Seismic Performance Evaluation and Risk-Management Decision-Making
  Porter, K.A., 2000. Assembly-Based Vulnerability of Buildings and its Uses in Seismic Performance Evaluation and Risk-Management Decision-Making. Doctoral thesis. Stanford University, Stanford CA, 216 pp. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2000-ABV-thesis.pdf
  Citation

Fragility and vulnerability of lifelines

• Groundproofing a new model for estimating earthquake damage and planning recovery
  Porter, K.A., 2018. Groundproofing a new model for estimating earthquake damage and planning recovery. Source, 32 (2), p. 40-43, www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2018-AWWA-Source.pdf Porter, K.A., McMullin, R., Terentieff, S.V., Wollbrinck, J., and Irias, X., 2018. Applying the model. Source, 32 (2), p. 43-45, www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2018-AWWA-Source.pdf
  Citation
• A new model of water-network resilience, with application to the HayWired scenario
  Porter, K.A., 2018. A new model of water-network resilience, with application to the HayWired scenario. Detweiler S.T. and Wein, A.M., eds, The HayWired Earthquake Scenario—Engineering Implications. Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5013–I–Q, Reston, VA: United States Geological Survey, ch. N., p. 195-264, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175013 and www.sparisk.com/pubs/HayWired-2018-vol2.pdf
  Citation
• Performance of emergency-response services after the earthquake
  Scawthorn, C.R., K.A., Porter, and F.T. Blackburn, 1992. Performance of emergency-response services after the earthquake. In T.D. O’Rourke, ed., The Loma Prieta, California, Earthquake of October 17, 1989-Marina District. Strong Motion and Ground Failure. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1551-F. Reston VA, p. F195-F215. www.sparisk.com/pubs/Scawthorn-1992-LP89-Emergency-services-Marina.pdf
  Citation
• Performance of water supply pipelines in liquefied soil
  Porter, K.A. C. Scawthorn, D.G. Honegger, T.D. O’Rourke, and F. Blackburn, 1992. Performance of water supply pipelines in liquefied soil. Proceedings of the 4th US-Japan Workshop on Earthquake Disaster Prevention for Lifeline Systems, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 08/19-21/91; pp. 3-17. 1992. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-1992-water-pipe-liquefied-soil.pdf
  Citation
• Utility performance aspects, liquefaction study, Marina and Sullivan Marsh areas, San Francisco California
  Scawthorn, C., K. Porter, M. Khater, D. Seidel, D. Ballantyne, H.T. Taylor, R.D. Darragh, and C. Ng, 1992. Utility performance aspects, liquefaction study, Marina and Sullivan Marsh areas, San Francisco California. National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, Proceedings from the 4th Japan-U.S. Workshop on Earthquake Resistant Design of Lifeline Facilities and Countermeasures for Soil Liquefaction: Tokai University Pacific Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, May 27-29, 1992. Vol. 1., 1992,  317-333. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Scawthorn-1992-SF-Liquefaction-Study.pdf
  Citation

Disaster planning scenarios: ShakeOut, ARkStorm, SAFRR Tsunami, and HayWired Scenario

• Overview of the HayWired scenario engineering-implications volume
  Porter, K.A. (2018). Overview of the HayWired scenario engineering-implications volume. Detweiler, S.T. and Wein, A.M., eds., The HayWired Earthquake Scenario—Engineering Implications. Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5013–I–Q, Reston, VA: United States Geological Survey, ch. I, p. 2-11, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175013 and www.sparisk.com/pubs/HayWired-2018-vol2.pdf
  Citation
• The HayWired scenario—how can the San Francisco Bay region bounce back from or avert an earthquake disaster in an interconnected world?
  Hudnut, K.W., Wein, A.M., Cox, D.A., Perry, S.C., Porter, K.A., Johnson, L.A., and Strauss, J.A. (2017). The HayWired scenario—how can the San Francisco Bay region bounce back from or avert an earthquake disaster in an interconnected world? In Detweiler S.T. and Wein, A.M., eds., The HayWired Earthquake Scenario—Earthquake Hazards. Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5013–A–H, Reston, VA: United State Geological Survey, ch A., p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175013 and www.sparisk.com/pubs/HayWired-2017-vol1.pdf
  Citation
• HayWired scenario mainshock ground motions
  Aagaard, B.T., Boatwright, J.L., Jones, J.L., MacDonald, T.G., Porter, K.A., and Wein, A.M. (2017). HayWired scenario mainshock ground motions. In Detweiler S.T. and Wein, A.M., eds., The HayWired Earthquake Scenario—Earthquake Hazards. Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5013–A–H, Reston, VA: United State Geological Survey, ch C., p. 27-36, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175013 and www.sparisk.com/pubs/HayWired-2017-vol1.pdf
  Citation
• HayWired Scenario Aftershock Sequence
  Wein, A.M., Felzer, K.R., Jones, J.L., and Porter, K.A. (2017). HayWired Scenario Aftershock Sequence. In Detweiler S.T. and Wein, A.M., eds., The HayWired Earthquake Scenario—Earthquake Hazards. Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5013–A–H, Reston, VA: United State Geological Survey, ch G., p. 91-112, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175013 and www.sparisk.com/pubs/HayWired-2017-vol1.pdf
  Citation
• Water supply damage, recovery, and lifeline interaction in an earthquake sequence
  Porter, K., S. Terentieff, R. McMullin, and X. Irias, 2017. Water supply damage, recovery, and lifeline interaction in an earthquake sequence. Proc. First Congress on Technical Advancement, September 10-13, 2017, Duluth, Minnesota. Reston Virginia: American Society of Civil Engineers. 12 p. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2017-ASCE-CUWNet.pdf
  Citation
• Engineering and economic lessons of the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario
  Porter, K.A., and A.M. Wein, 2014. Engineering and economic lessons of the SAFRR Tsunami Scenario. Proceedings of the 10th National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 21-25 July 2014, Anchorage AK https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-Wein-2014-10NCEE-tsunami-scenario.pdf
  Citation
• Advances in tsunami risk assessment
  Porter, K.A., and A.M. Wein, 2014. Advances in tsunami risk assessment. SSA 2014, 2 May 2014, Anchorage AK https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-Wein-2014-SSA2014-tsunami-scenario.pdf
  Citation
• The SAFRR Tsunami Scenario, a Presentation to NORTHCOM Joint Interagency Coordination Group
  Porter, K., 2014. The SAFRR Tsunami Scenario, a Presentation to NORTHCOM Joint Interagency Coordination Group, 25 Feb 2014, Colorado Springs CO. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-25-Feb-2014-SAFRR-Northcom.pdf
  Citation
• The SAFRR tsunami scenario—physical damage in California
  Porter, K., W. Byers, D. Dykstra, A. Lim, P. Lynett, J. Ratliff, C. Scawthorn, A. Wein, and R. Wilson, 2013. The SAFRR tsunami scenario—physical damage in California. S. Ross and L. Jones, Eds, The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario. US Geological Survey. http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/
  Citation
• The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) tsunami scenario—executive summary and Introduction
  Ross, S.L., L.M. Jones, K. Miller, K.A. Porter, A. Wein, R.I. Wilson, B. Bahng, A. Barberopoulou, J.C. Borrero, D.M. Brosnan, J.T. Bwarie, E.L. Geist, L.A. Johnson, S.H. Kirby, W.R. Knight, K. Long, P. Lynett, C.E. Mortensen, D.J. Nicolsky, S.C. Perry, G.S. Plumlee, C.R. Real, K. Ryan, E. Suleimani, H.K. Thio, V.V. Titov, P.M. Whitmore, and N.J. Wood, 2013. The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) tsunami scenario—executive summary and Introduction. S. Ross and L. Jones, Eds, The SAFRR (Science Application for Risk Reduction) Tsunami Scenario. US Geological Survey. http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2013/1170/
  Citation
• The SAFRR tsunami scenario—Improving resilience for California
  Ross, S.L., Jones, L.M., Miller, K., Porter, K.A., Wein, A., Wilson, R.I., Bahng, B., Barberopoulou, A., Borrero, J.C., Brosnan, D.M., Bwarie, J.T., Geist, E.L., Johnson, L.A., Kirby, S.H., Knight, W.R., Long, K., Lynett, P., Mortensen, C.E., Nicolsky, D.J., Perry, S.C., Plumlee, G.S., Real, C.R., Ryan, K., Suleimani, E., Thio, H., Titov, V.V., Whitmore, P.M., and Wood, N.J., 2013, The SAFRR tsunami scenario—Improving resilience for California: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2013–3081, 4 p., http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2013/3081/
  Citation
• The SAFRR Tsunami Scenario
  Porter, K., L Jones, S Ross, J Borrero, J Bwarie, D Dykstra, EL Geist, L Johnson, S Kirby, K Long, P Lynett, K Miller, C Mortensen, S Perry, G Plumlee, C Real, L Ritchie, C Scawthorn, HK Thio, A Wein, P Whitmore, R Wilson, and N Wood, 2013. The SAFRR Tsunami Scenario. Proc., PORTS ’13, August 25-28, Seattle WA. manuscript: https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2013-COPRI-Tsunami-MS.pdf, conference presentation: https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2013-COPRI-Tsunami-presentation.pdf
  Citation
• Overview of the ARkStorm Scenario
  Porter, K., A. Wein, C. Alpers, A. Baez, P. Barnard, J. Carter, A. Corsi, J. Costner, D. Cox, T. Das, M. Dettinger, J. Done, C. Eadie, M. Eymann, J. Ferris, P. Gunturi, M. Hughes, R. Jarrett, L. Johnson, H.D. Le-Griffin, D. Mitchell, S. Morman, P. Neiman, A. Olsen, S. Perry, G. Plumlee, M. Ralph, D. Reynolds, A. Rose, K. Schaefer, J. Serakos, W. Siembieda, J. Stock, D. Strong, I.S. Wing, A. Tang, P. Thomas, and K. Topping, 2010. Overview of the ARkStorm Scenario. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1312, 183 pp. and appendices, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2010-ARkStorm.pdf
  Citation
• Foreword. Earthquake Spectra
  Porter, K., K. Hudnut, S. Perry, M. Reichle, C. Scawthorn, and A. Wein, 2011. Foreword. Earthquake Spectra 27 (2), 235-237. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2011-ShakeOut-Foreword.pdf
  Citation
• The ShakeOut Scenario: a hypothetical Mw7.8 earthquake on the southern San Andreas Fault
  Porter, K., L. Jones, D. Cox, J. Goltz, K. Hudnut, D. Mileti, S. Perry, D. Ponti, M. Reichle, A.Z. Rose, C.R. Scawthorn, H.A. Seligson, K.I. Shoaf, J. Treiman, and A. Wein, 2011. The ShakeOut Scenario: a hypothetical Mw7.8 earthquake on the southern San Andreas Fault. Earthquake Spectra 27 (2), 239-261, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2011-ShakeOut-Overview.pdf.
  Citation
• Utility performance panels in the ShakeOut Scenario
  Porter, K.A., and R. Sherrill, 2011. Utility performance panels in the ShakeOut Scenario. Earthquake Spectra 27 (2), 443-458, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2011-ShakeOut-Panels.pdf
  Citation
• The ShakeOut Scenario, A Hypothetical M7.8 Southern San Andreas Fault Earthquake
  Porter, K.A., 2008. The ShakeOut Scenario, A Hypothetical M7.8 Southern San Andreas Fault Earthquake. Structure Magazine, Dec 2008, 16-19. http://www.structuremag.org/article.aspx?articleID=812
  Citation
• The ShakeOut Scenario. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
  Jones, L.M., R. Bernknopf, D. Cox, J. Goltz, K. Hudnut, D. Mileti, S. Perry, D. Ponti, K. Porter, M. Reichle, H. Seligson, K. Shoaf, J. Treiman, and A. Wein, 2008. The ShakeOut Scenario. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2008-1150 and California Geological Survey Preliminary Report 25, http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1150/
  Citation
• The Plan to Coordinate Nehrp Post-Earthquake Investigations
  USGS. (2003). “The Plan to Coordinate Nehrp Post-Earthquake Investigations.” USGS Circular 1242, Thomas L. Holzer (Chair), Roger D. Borcherdt, Craig D. Comartin, Robert D. Hanson, Charles R. Scawthorn, Kathleen Tierney, T. Leslie Youd, ed., prepared in coordination with the Federal Emergency Management Agency, National Science Foundation, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, USGS Western Region, Menlo Park CA.  http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1242/
  Citation
• Coordinating Nehrp Post-Earthquake Investigations – Exercising the Plan
  Holzer, T. L., Scawthorn, C., and Rojahn, C. (2005). “Coordinating Nehrp Post-Earthquake Investigations – Exercising the Plan.” Earthquake Spectra, 21(4), 1043-1062.  Earthquake Spectra 2005
  Citation
• Development and Facilitation of Tabletop Exercises in Support of the Plan to Coordinate Nehrp Post-Earthquake Investigations, Final Report
  Scawthorn, C., 2004. Development and Facilitation of Tabletop Exercises in Support of the Plan to Coordinate Nehrp Post-Earthquake Investigations, Final Report. C. Scawthorn Assoc., prepared for the U.S. Geological Survey and the Applied Technology Council, Berkeley, 62 pp.  ATC-35 NEHRP Exercises Final Report
  Citation

Hurricanes, atmospheric rivers, and wind hazard

• 0.05-degree Gridded Wind Hazard of the United States
  Porter, K.A., 2008. 0.05-degree Gridded Wind Hazard of the United States. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2008-US-wind-hazard.zip
  Citation
• Preliminary conclusions: assessing damage to engineered buildings in the wake of Hurricane Katrina
  Mosqueda, G. and K.A. Porter, 2006. Preliminary conclusions: assessing damage to engineered buildings in the wake of Hurricane Katrina. Structural Engineer, February 2006, 20-26. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Mosqueda-2006-Katrina.pdf
  Citation
• Damage to engineered buildings and bridges in the wake of Hurricane Katrina
  Mosqueda, G., K.A. Porter, J. O’Connor, and P. McAnany, 2007. Damage to engineered buildings and bridges in the wake of Hurricane Katrina. Proc. SEI Structures Congress, May 16-19, 2007, Long Beach CA. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Mosqueda-2007-SEI-Katrina.pdf
  Citation
• Impact of Hurricane Andrew on Performance, Interaction, and Recovery of Lifelines
  Larsen, T., K. Porter, M. Zadeh, C. Van Anne, and C. Scawthorn, 1999. Impact of Hurricane Andrew on Performance, Interaction, and Recovery of Lifelines. Prepared for National Science Foundation. EQE International, Oakland CA. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Larsen-1996-Andrew-Lifelines.pdf
  Citation

Casualty loss estimation

• How many injuries can be avoided in the HayWired Scenario through earthquake early warning and drop, cover, and hold on?
  Porter, K.A., and Jones, J.L., 2018. How many injuries can be avoided in the HayWired Scenario through earthquake early warning and drop, cover, and hold on? Detweiler S.T. and Wein, A.M., eds, The HayWired Earthquake Scenario—Engineering Implications. Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5013–I–Q, Reston, VA: United States Geological Survey, ch. Q., p. 401-429, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175013 and www.sparisk.com/pubs/HayWired-2018-vol2.pdf
  Citation
• An earthquake urban search and rescue model for earthquake response and its application to the HayWired scenario
  Porter, K.A., 2018. An earthquake urban search and rescue model for earthquake response and its application to the HayWired scenario. Detweiler, S.T. and Wein, A.M. eds., The HayWired Earthquake Scenario—Engineering Implications. Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5013–I–Q, Reston, VA: United States Geological Survey, ch. M, p. 99-192, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175013 and www.sparisk.com/pubs/HayWired-2018-vol2.pdf
  Citation
• Value of injuries in the Northridge Earthquake
  Porter, K.A., K. Shoaf, and H. Seligson, 2006. Value of injuries in the Northridge Earthquake. Earthquake Spectra, 22 (2), May 2006. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2006-VOI.pdf
  Citation

Acceptable risk

• Not safe enough—a survey of public preferences for the seismic performance of new buildings in California and the New Madrid Seismic Zone
  Porter, K.A., 2018. Not safe enough—a survey of public preferences for the seismic performance of new buildings in California and the New Madrid Seismic Zone. Detweiler, S.T. and Wein, A.M., eds., The HayWired Earthquake Scenario—Engineering Implications. Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5013–I–Q, Reston, VA: United States Geological Survey, ch. L, p. 79-96, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175013 and www.sparisk.com/pubs/HayWired-2018-vol2.pdf
  Citation
• Is life safety enough? Improvements in earthquake science and risk reduction
  Porter, K.A., 2018. Is life safety enough?Improvements in earthquake science and risk reduction. American Association for the Advancement of Science 2018 Annual Meeting, February 15-19, 2018, Austin, Texas, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2018-AAAS.pdf
  Citation
• The public’s role in seismic design provisions
  Davis, M. and K. Porter, 2016. The public’s role in seismic design provisions. Earthquake Spectra, preprint, doi:10.1193/081715EQS127M, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Davis-Porter-2016-EQS-Ethics.pdf
  Citation
• Not safe enough: the public’s expectations of seismic performance. Journal of the National Institute of Building Sciences
  Porter, K. and M. Davis, 2015. Not safe enough: the public’s expectations of seismic performance. Journal of the National Institute of Building Sciences, 3 (5) 22-25. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-Davis-2015-JNIBS-Not-safe-enough.pdf
  Citation
• Safe enough? How buildings codes protect our lives but not our cities. Proceedings of the 10th National Conference on Earthquake Engineering
  Porter, K.A., 2014. Safe enough? How buildings codes protect our lives but not our cities. Proceedings of the 10th National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 21-25 July 2014, Anchorage AK, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2014-10NCEE-safe-enough.pdf
  Citation
• Safe enough? How buildings codes protect our lives but not our cities
  Porter, K.A., 2013. Safe enough? How buildings codes protect our lives but not our cities. Phi Beta Kappa Northern California Association 26th Asilomar Conference, February 15-18, 2012, and University of Colorado Boulder SESM Seminar 1 Mar 2013, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2013-CU-Safe-Enough.pdf
  Citation
• Appropriate Seismic Reliability for Critical Equipment Systems: Recommendations Based on Regional Analysis of Financial and Life Loss
  Porter, K.A., C. Scawthorn, C. Taylor, N. Blais, 1998. Appropriate Seismic Reliability for Critical Equipment Systems: Recommendations Based on Regional Analysis of Financial and Life Loss. MCEER-98-0016, Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 104 pp. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-1998-ACR.pdf
  Citation

Real-time loss estimation

• ShakeCast: automating and improving the use of ShakeMap for post-earthquake decision-making and response
  Wald, D., K.W. Lin, K. Porter, and L. Turner, 2008. ShakeCast: automating and improving the use of ShakeMap for post-earthquake decision-making and response. Earthquake Spectra, 24 (2), 533-553, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Wald-2008-ShakeCast.pdf
  Citation
• Real-Time Loss Estimation for Instrumented Buildings. Report
  Porter, K.A., J.L. Beck, J.Y. Ching, and J. Mitrani-Reiser, 2004. Real-Time Loss Estimation for Instrumented Buildings. Report EERL 2004-08, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA. http://caltecheerl.library.caltech.edu/374.
  Citation
• Smarter structures: real-time loss estimation for instrumented buildings, paper
  Porter, K.A., J. Mitrani-Reiser, J.L. Beck, and J.Y, Ching, 2006. Smarter structures: real-time loss estimation for instrumented buildings, paper NCEE-1236. Proc., 8th National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, April 18-22, 2006, San Francisco, CA. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2006-RTLE-8NCEE-poster.pdf.
  Citation

Other topics

• Resilience-Related Building-Code Changes Don’t Affect Affordability
  Porter, K.A., 2019. Resilience-related building-code changes don’t affect affordability. SPA Risk LLC Working Paper Series 2019-01. 2 pp. www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2019-Resilience-Affordability.pdf
  Citation
• HayWired scenario three-dimensional numerical ground-motion simulation maps
  Porter, K.A., 2017. HayWired scenario three-dimensional numerical ground-motion simulation maps. In Detweiler S.T. and Wein, A.M., eds., The HayWired Earthquake Scenario—Earthquake Hazards. Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5013–A–H, Reston, VA: United State Geological Survey, ch H., p. 115-126, https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175013 and www.sparisk.com/pubs/HayWired-2017-vol1.pdf
  Citation
• Trimming a hazard logic tree with a new model-order-reduction technique
  Porter, K., E. Field, and K. Milner, 2017. Trimming a hazard logic tree with a new model-order-reduction technique. Earthquake Spectra, 33 (3), 857-874, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2017-UCERF3-MOR.pdf, https://doi.org/10.1193/092616EQS158M
  Citation
• Can one divide uncertainty into two kinds? Risk Basics 1
  Porter, K., 2016. Can one divide uncertainty into two kinds? Risk Basics 1, SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, p. 1-4, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2016-Two-Kinds-of-Uncertainty.pdf
  Citation
• A Field Sampling Strategy for Estimating a Building Inventory. Global Earthquake Model
  Porter, K.A., 2013. A Field Sampling Strategy for Estimating a Building Inventory. Global Earthquake Model, 30 pp. http://www.nexus.globalquakemodel.org/gem-idct/posts/idct-sampling-strategy-protocol/ or https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2013-GEMIDCT-Sampling-Strategy.pdf
  Citation
• Trimming the UCERF2 hazard logic tree
  Porter, K.A., E.H. Field, and K. Milner, 2012. Trimming the UCERF2 hazard logic tree. Seismological Research Letters, 83 (5), 815-828, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2012-SRL-Tree-trim.pdf
  Citation
• California Earthquake Risk, Report from the Lma Lloyd’s Market Academy Earthquake Seminar in San Francisco
  Lloyds Market Academy. (2011). “California Earthquake Risk, Report from the Lma Lloyd’s Market Academy Earthquake Seminar in San Francisco.” Lloyd’s Market Association, available here or at http://www.lmalloyds.com, London, 44 pp.
  Citation
• On the Contribution of Reconstruction Labor Wages and Material Prices to Demand Surge.
  Olsen, A.H. and K.A. Porter, 2011. On the Contribution of Reconstruction Labor Wages and Material Prices to Demand Surge. SESM-11-1, Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Olsen-2011-SESM-Demand-Surge.pdf
  Citation
• What we know about demand surge: a brief summary
  Olsen, A.H. and K.A. Porter, 2011. What we know about demand surge: a brief summary. Natural Hazards Review 12 (2), 62-71, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Olsen-2011-NHR-WWKADS.pdf
  Citation
• What We Know about Demand Surge
  Olsen, A.H. and K.A. Porter, 2010. What We Know about Demand Surge. Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, SESM-10-1, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Olsen-2010-CU-WWKADS.pdf
  Citation
• A global building inventory for earthquake loss estimation and risk management
  Jaiswal, K., D. Wald, and K. Porter, 2010. A global building inventory for earthquake loss estimation and risk management. Earthquake Spectra 26 (3) 731-748, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Jaiswal-2010-PAGER-inventory.pdf
  Citation
• Ten tips for talking to townies: observations on risk communication from the Multihazards Demonstration Project
  Porter, K.A. and L. Jones, 2010. Ten tips for talking to townies: observations on risk communication from the Multihazards Demonstration Project. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, December 13-17, 2010, San Francisco, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2010-AGU-10-tips.pdf
  Citation
• Data Interchange Formats for the Global Earthquake Model (GEM)
  SPA Risk LLC, 2009. Data Interchange Formats for the Global Earthquake Model (GEM). Denver CO, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/SPA-2009-GEM1-DIFs.pdf
  Citation
• Development of Open Source Seismic Risk Modeling Framework
  Porter, K.A., and C.R. Scawthorn, 2009. Development of Open Source Seismic Risk Modeling Framework. Report to the US Geological Survey under award no 07HQAG0002, SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/SPA-2009-OpenRisk.pdf
  Citation
• OpenRisk: Open-Source Risk Estimation Software
  Porter, K.A., and C.R. Scawthorn, 2007. OpenRisk: Open-Source Risk Estimation Software, SPA Risk, Pasadena, CA, 112 pp., https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/SPA-2007-OpenRisk.pdf
  Citation
• Design of Single-Plate Shear Connectors with Short Slotted Holes
  Porter, K.A., 1990. Design of Single-Plate Shear Connectors with Short Slotted Holes. Master’s thesis, University of California Berkeley, 113 pp. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-1990-Shear-tabs-short-slotted-holes.pdf
  Citation

Field data collection and learning from earthquakes

• Three FEMA Tools to Screen Buildings for Earthquake Risk
  Porter, K. (2020). Three FEMA Tools to Screen Buildings for Earthquake Risk. SPA Risk LLC, Denver CO, 1 p., https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/SPA-Three-FEMA-screening-tools.pdf
  Citation
• South Napa Mw 6 Earthquake Reconnaissance Report.
  SPA Risk LLC, 2014. 24 August 2014 South Napa Mw 6 Earthquake Reconnaissance Report. 62 pp. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/SPA-2014-Napa-Report.pdf
  Citation
• Reconnaissance Report. Aspects of the 11 March 2011 Eastern Japan Earthquake and Tsunami
  Scawthorn, C. and K.A. Porter, 2011. Reconnaissance Report. Aspects of the 11 March 2011 Eastern Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. SPA Risk LLC, 71 pp., https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/SPA-2011-Tohoku-Report.pdf
  Citation
• Initial Survey, 11 March 2011 Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami
• Free, fast building seismic safety inspection software for smartphones
  Porter, K.A., B. Bell, and N. Pereira, 2011. Free, fast building seismic safety inspection software for smartphones. Building Safety Journal Online, Dec 2011, 56-62. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2011-BSJ-ROVER.pdf
  Citation
• Rapid Observation of Vulnerability and Estimation of Risk (ROVER): end-to-end seismic risk management software
  Porter, K.A., 2010. Rapid Observation of Vulnerability and Estimation of Risk (ROVER): end-to-end seismic risk management software. Proc 9th US National/10th Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 25-29 Jul 2010, Toronto Canada, MS 1781, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2010-9USN10CCEE-ROVER.pdf
  Citation
• ROVER: Rapid Observation of Vulnerability and Estimation of Risk. Denver, CO.
  SPA Risk LLC, 2010. ROVER: Rapid Observation of Vulnerability and Estimation of Risk. Denver, CO. https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/ATC67-2010-ROVER-flyer.pdf
  Citation
• Learning from earthquakes: a survey of surveys and Appendix
  Porter, K.A., 2003. Learning from earthquakes: a survey of surveys. Keynote paper, EERI Invitational Workshop: An Action Plan to Develop Earthquake Damage and Loss Data Protocols, September 19th and 20th, 2002, Doubletree Hotel, Pasadena, California. Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, Oakland, CA, https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2003-Survey-of-Surveys.pdf and https://www.sparisk.com/pubs/Porter-2003-Survey-of-Surveys-Appendix.pdf
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Video Presentations

• Natural Hazard Mitigation Saves: What Can Business Continuity Planners Learn from this Nationwide Benefit-Cost Analysis?
  A web presentation by Dr. Porter to the Rocky Mountain Association of Contingency Planners, April 17, 2020. The presentation explains aspects of the National Institute of Building Sciences’ Natural Hazard Mitigation Saves study, with an emphasis on the aspects that matter most to business continuity planners and disaster recovery experts. A video of the 1-hour webinar can be found here , a PDF of the slides can be found here .
  Citation
• Open-source risk vs. Proprietary risk models, a talk presented by Charles Scawthorn as part of a Distance Learning Seminar Series on Disaster Risk Management in East Asia and the Pacific, sponsored by the World Bank.  Dr. Scawthorn spoke in favor of Open Source Risk Models to an audience at many places around the world, including   Indonesia (Jakarta), Lao PDR (Vientiane), Thailand (Bangkok), Vietnam (Hanoi), Cambodia (Phnom Penh), China (Beijing), Mongolia (Ulaanbaatar), Philippines (Manila), Singapore (Singapore), Japan (Tokyo) and Fiji (Suva). 
• ARkStorm, the Other Big One, a talk presented by Keith Porter to the Engineers’ Forum, a seminar series sponsored by the East Bay Municipal Utilities District. Dr. Porter gave an overview of an emergency planning scenario describing a hypothetical but realistic severe winter storm in California, and its impacts on the state’s infrastructure, population, and economy.

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Academic Lectures

• Earthquakes in Your Backyard